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What's the difference between beta blockers and ARBs?
- Beta blockers and ARBs are used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure.
- Examples of beta blockers include acebutolol (Sectral), atenolol (Tenormin), betaxolol (Kerlone, Betoptic S), bisoprolol fumarate (Zebeta), carvedilol (Coreg), esmolol (Brevibloc), metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL), nadolol (Corgard), nebivolol (Bystolic), penbutolol (Levatol), propranolol (Hemangeol, Inderal LA, Inderal XL, InnoPran XL), sotalol (Betapace, Sorine), and timolol ophthalmic (Timoptic, Betimol, Istalol).
- Examples of ARBs include azilsartan (Edarbi), candesartan (Atacand), eprosartan (Teveten), irbesartan (Avapro), telmisartan (Micardis), valsartan (Diovan), losartan (Cozaar), and olmesartan (Benicar).
- Side effects of beta blockers and ARBs that are similar include rash, diarrhea, and fatigue.
- Side effects of beta blockers that are different from ARBs include nausea, stomach cramps, vomiting, blurred vision, disorientation, insomnia, hair loss, weakness, muscle cramps, and sexual dysfunction.
- Side effects of ARBs that are different from beta blockers include cough, high blood potassium (hyperkalemia), low blood pressure, dizziness, headache, drowsiness, metallic or salty taste in the mouth, orthostatic hypotension (low blood pressure upon standing), indigestion, and upper respiratory tract infection.
- Sudden withdrawal from beta blockers may worsen angina (chest pain) and cause heart attacks, serious abnormal heart rhythms, or sudden death.
What are beta blockers and ARBs?
Beta blockers, or beta-adrenergic blocking agents, block the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine (adrenaline) from binding to beta-receptors on nerves. This helps dilate blood vessels, which results in a reduction of heart rate and blood pressure.
- Beta blockers are used to treat high blood pressure, angina (chest pain), heart failure, abnormal heart rhythms, tremors, pheochromocytoma, migraine headache prevention, hypertrophic subaortic stenosis, hyperthyroidism, panic disorder, anxiety, akathisia (restlessness or inability to sit still), eye pressure caused by glaucoma, and aggressive behavior.
- Beta blockers are also used to prevent future heart attacks and death after a heart attack.
Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) block the action of angiotensin II by preventing it from binding to receptors on the muscles surrounding blood vessels. Angiotensin II causes muscles surrounding blood vessels to contract, which increases pressure within the vessels and can cause high blood pressure (hypertension).
- When angiotensin II can’t bind to receptors, blood vessels enlarge (dilate) and blood pressure is reduced, making it easier for the heart to pump blood.
- ARBs are used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure, and to prevent kidney failure in people with diabetes or high blood pressure.
- ARBs are also used in patients with high blood pressure and an enlarged heart to prevent diabetes and reduce the risk of stroke.
- ARBs also may prevent atrial fibrillation from recurring.
SLIDESHOW
See SlideshowWhat are the side effects of beta blockers vs. ARBs?
Beta blocker side effects
Beta blockers may cause:
Other important side effects include:
- Rash
- Blurred vision
- Disorientation
- Insomnia
- Hair loss
- Weakness
- Muscle cramps
- Fatigue
As an extension of their beneficial effect, they slow heart rate and reduce blood pressure, but they may cause adverse effects such as heart failure or heart block in patients with heart problems.
Beta blockers should not be withdrawn suddenly because sudden withdrawal may worsen angina (chest pain) and cause heart attacks, serious abnormal heart rhythms, or sudden death.
Central nervous system effects of beta blockers include:
Beta blockers that block β2 receptors may cause shortness of breath in asthmatics.
>As with other drugs used for treating high blood pressure, sexual dysfunction may occur.
Beta blockers may cause low or high blood glucose and mask the symptoms of low blood glucose (hypoglycemia) in people with diabetes.
Other serious side effects of beta-blockers include:
- Raynaud's phenomenon
- Lupus erythematosus
- Bronchospasm
- Serious allergic reactions
- Erythema multiform
- Steven Johnson Syndrome
- Toxic epidermal necrolysis
ARB side effects
ARBs are well tolerated by most individuals. The most common side effects are
- cough,
- elevated potassium levels in the blood (hyperkalemia),
- low blood pressure,
- dizziness,
- headache,
- drowsiness,
- diarrhea,
- abnormal taste sensation (metallic or salty taste),
- rash,
- orthostatic hypotension (low blood pressure upon standing),
- fatigue,
- indigestion, and
- upper respiratory tract infection.
Compared to ACE inhibitors, cough occurs less often with ARBs.
The most serious, but rare, side effects are
- kidney failure,
- liver failure (hepatitis),
- serious allergic reactions,
- a decrease in white blood cells,
- a decrease in blood platelets, and
- swelling of tissues (angioedema).
There have been reports of rhabdomyolysis (destruction of skeletal muscle) in patients receiving ARBs.
Individuals who have narrowing of both arteries that supply the kidneys or have had a severe reaction to ARBs should avoid them.
Like other antihypertensives, ARBs have been associated with sexual dysfunction.
What drugs interact with beta blockers and ARBs?
Beta blocker drug interactions
- Combining propranolol (Inderal) or pindolol (Visken) with thioridazine (Mellaril) or chlorpromazine (Thorazine) may result in low blood pressure (hypotension) and abnormal heart rhythms because the drugs interfere with each other's elimination and result in increased levels of the drugs.
- Dangerous elevations in blood pressure may occur when clonidine (Catapres) is combined with a beta blocker, or when clonidine or beta blocker is discontinued after their concurrent use. Blood pressure should be closely monitored after initiation or discontinuation of clonidine or a beta blocker when they have been used together.
- Phenobarbital and similar agents may increase the breakdown and reduce blood levels of propanolol (Inderal) or metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL). This may reduce effectiveness of the beta blocker.
- Aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (for example, ibuprofen) may counteract the blood pressure reducing effects of beta blockers by reducing the effects of prostaglandins, which play a role in control of blood pressure.
- Beta blockers may prolong hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) and mask symptoms of hypoglycemia in diabetics who are taking insulin or other diabetic medications.
ARB drug interactions
- ARBs have few interactions with other drugs.
- Since ARBs may increase blood levels of potassium, the use of potassium supplements, salt substitutes (which often contain potassium), or other drugs that increase potassium may result in excessive blood potassium levels and cardiac arrhythmias.
- ARBs may also increase the blood concentration of lithium (Eskalith, Lithobid) and lead to an increase in side effects from lithium.
- Rifampin (Rifadin) reduces the blood levels of losartan, and fluconazole (Diflucan) reduces the conversion of losartan to its active form. These effects could decrease the effects of losartan.
- ARBs should not be combined with ACE inhibitors because such combinations increase the risk of hypotension, hyperkalemia, and renal impairment.
- ARBs should not be combined with aliskiren (Tekturna) because such combinations increase the risk of kidney failure, excessive low blood pressure, and hyperkalemia.
What are the different types of beta blockers and ARBs?
Examples of beta blockers
- acebutolol (Sectral)
- atenolol (Tenormin)
- betaxolol (Kerlone)
- betaxolol (Betoptic S)
- bisoprolol fumarate (Zebeta)
- carteolol (Cartrol, discontinued)
- carvedilol (Coreg)
- esmolol (Brevibloc)
- labetalol (Trandate [Normodyne - discontinued])
- metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL)
- nadolol (Corgard)
- nebivolol (Bystolic)
- penbutolol (Levatol)
- pindolol (Visken, discontinued)
- propranolol (Hemangeol, Inderal LA, Inderal XL, InnoPran XL)
- sotalol (Betapace, Sorine)
- timolol (Blocadren, discontinued)
- timolol ophthalmic solution (Timoptic, Betimol, Istalol)
Examples of ARBs
The following is a list of currently available ARBs:
- azilsartan (Edarbi)
- candesartan (Atacand),
- eprosartan (Teveten),
- irbesartan (Avapro),
- telmisartan (Micardis),
- valsartan (Diovan),
- losartan (Cozaar), and
- olmesartan (Benicar).
Summary
Both beta blockers, or beta adrenergic blocking agents, and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) both cause blood vessels to dilate through different actions on the nervous system. Beta blockers and ARBs are used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure.
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Blood Pressure Chart: Reading by Age and Gender
Blood pressure is the force applied by the blood over the inner walls of the arteries. Although the average blood pressure for a person remains constant, it shows minor fluctuations throughout the day—declining while relaxing and momentarily increasing while being excited or under stress. An increase in resting blood pressure can scar, stiffen, or harden the arteries.
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Why Is My Bottom Blood Pressure Number High?
Isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH) occurs when your systolic blood pressure is normal, and only your diastolic blood pressure is high (over 80 mm Hg). Causes of high diastolic blood pressure include a high-sodium diet, obesity, lack of physical activity, excessive alcohol consumption, stress and anxiety.
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What Is Normal Blood Pressure and Pulse by Age?
The American Heart Association outlines that a normal blood pressure reading of 120/80 mm Hg for adults. Here is a chart that breaks down the ideal blood pressure range by age.
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High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)
High blood pressure (hypertension) is a disease in which pressure within the arteries of the body is elevated. About 75 million people in the US have hypertension (1 in 3 adults), and only half of them are able to manage it. Many people do not know that they have high blood pressure because it often has no has no warning signs or symptoms. Systolic and diastolic are the two readings in which blood pressure is measured. The American College of Cardiology released new guidelines for high blood pressure in 2017. The guidelines now state that blood normal blood pressure is 120/80 mmHg. If either one of those numbers is higher, you have high blood pressure. The American Academy of Cardiology defines high blood pressure slightly differently. The AAC considers 130/80 mm Hg. or greater (either number) stage 1 hypertension. Stage 2 hypertension is considered 140/90 mm Hg. or greater. If you have high blood pressure you are at risk of developing life threatening diseases like stroke and heart attack.REFERENCE: CDC. High Blood Pressure. Updated: Nov 13, 2017.
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How to Lower My Blood Pressure Immediately
If you face any complications of high blood pressure such as a stroke or heart attack, contact your physician without any delay. Do not attempt home remedies in such grave situations. If you have high blood pressure, without any complications, the first thing to do is to calm down and lie flat.
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How Can I Lower My Blood Pressure in Minutes?
Learn how to lower your high blood pressure quickly and how to better manage this condition.
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What Does it Mean When the Bottom Number of Your Blood Pressure is Over 100?
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What Is Considered Stroke-Level High Blood Pressure?
Blood pressure readings above 180/120 mmHg are considered stroke-level, dangerously high, and require immediate medical attention.
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Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
Congestive heart failure (CHF) refers to a condition in which the heart loses the ability to function properly. Heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, myocarditis, and cardiomyopathies are just a few potential causes of congestive heart failure. Signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure may include fatigue, breathlessness, palpitations, angina, and edema. Physical examination, patient history, blood tests, and imaging tests are used to diagnose congestive heart failure. Treatment of heart failure consists of lifestyle modification and taking medications to decrease fluid in the body and ease the strain on the heart. The prognosis of a patient with congestive heart failure depends on the stage of the heart failure and the overall condition of the individual.
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What Is Normal Blood Pressure for a 60-Year-Old?
According to current guidelines from the American Heart Association, normal blood pressure for adults under the age of 65 is any blood pressure below 120/80 mmHg.
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How Do You Check Your Blood Pressure With Fingers?
Most doctors recommend the use of a blood pressure machine to check blood pressure. An individual may check heart rate with their fingers, but not blood pressure.
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Is 120 Over 60 a Good Blood Pressure Reading?
If your systolic blood pressure is normal (between 100-120), and your diastolic blood pressure is lower (60 or below), you are considered to have low blood pressure, or isolated diastolic hypotension. Low diastolic blood pressure should be monitored closely.
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What Is the Blood Pressure of a Very Fit Person?
Studies show that a very fit person who exercises regularly will have a lower resting blood pressure (usually below 120/80 mm Hg) than someone who leads a sedentary lifestyle.
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Is 150 Over 90 a Good Blood Pressure?
Blood pressure of 150/90 mmHg comes under the category of stage I hypertension and means that you have high blood pressure.
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Heart Failure
Second Source article from Government
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Can You Take Turmeric if You Take Blood Pressure Medicine?
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Heart Failure
Heart failure (congestive) is caused by many conditions including coronary artery disease, heart attack, cardiomyopathy, and conditions that overwork the heart. Symptoms of heart failure include congested lungs, fluid and water retention, dizziness, fatigue and weakness, and rapid or irregular heartbeats. There are two types of congestive heart failure, systolic or left-sided heart failure; and diastolic or right-sided heart failure. Treatment, prognosis, and life-expectancy for a person with congestive heart failure depends upon the stage of the disease.
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Which Is More Important: Systolic or Diastolic Blood Pressure?
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Is A Manual Blood Pressure More Accurate?
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Can Drinking Water Lower Your Blood Pressure?
Keeping well hydrated by drinking six to eight glasses of water daily (even more if working in hot and humid conditions) is beneficial for the blood pressure. High blood pressure (BP) or hypertension is a condition caused by the persistent high pressure of blood against the walls of arteries. It is also called systolic pressure (constantly greater than 139 mmHg) or diastolic pressure (constantly more than 89 mmHg).
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How Do I Know If I Have High or Low Blood Pressure Numbers?
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Which Blood Pressure Number Is the Most Important?
The blood that flows through the arteries (blood vessels carrying blood from the heart to other parts of the body) exerts pressure against the arterial walls. The number above (120) is called the systolic blood pressure and the number below (80) is called the diastolic blood pressure. Though both readings are important, many doctors believe that systolic blood pressure is a better predictor of complications of hypertension, such as heart disease or stroke.
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Can I Check My Blood Pressure With My Phone?
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What Are the New Blood Pressure Guidelines for Seniors?
Hypertension or high blood pressure (high BP) is a medical condition where the pressure in the blood vessels is persistently elevated. The heart pumps blood into the arteries, which circulate blood to all parts of the body. In cases of high blood pressure, the heart has to work harder to push the blood column ahead.
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Can High Blood Pressure Hurt My Eyes?
Unfortunately, yes. Suffering from untreated or poorly controlled high blood pressure for a long time can be detrimental to your eyes. Several eye diseases are directly or indirectly caused by high blood pressure (hypertension).
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What Is “Normal” Blood Pressure?
Normal blood pressure is when the pressure is less than or upto 120/80 mmHg. The value 120 denotes the systolic pressure, and the value 80 denotes the diastolic pressure.
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What Is High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)?
High blood pressure or hypertension is when the blood pressure readings consistently range from 140 or higher for systolic or 90 or higher for diastolic. Blood pressure readings above 180/120 mmHg are dangerously high and require immediate medical attention.
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High Blood Pressure Symptoms
Most people with high blood pressure have no signs or symptoms, even if blood pressure readings reach dangerously high levels. In some patients, symptoms may include fatigue, headaches, dizziness, confusion, sweating, chest pain and vision problems.
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How Does High Blood Pressure Affect Pregnancy?
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What Can You Do For Treatment if Your Blood Pressure Is Too Low?
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What Is the Proper Way to Take Your Blood Pressure?
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Treatment & Diagnosis
- High Blood Pressure FAQs
- High Blood Pressure Symptoms
- Blood Pressure Guidelines
- ARBs & ACE Inhibitors...Powerful Blood Pressure Treatment
- ARBs and ACE Inhibitors..Hidden Benefits
- Hypertension In The Elderly - Deserves More Attention
- Salt, DASH, High Blood Pressure
- High Blood Pressure and Exercise
- Blood Pressure - Low-Fat Diet, Fruits & Veggies!
- Heart Failure ... Old Drug, New Therapy
- High Blood Pressure: Questions To Ask Your Doctor
- Inherited High Blood Pressure in a Teenager
- Heart Attack Prevention From a Doctor's Perspective
- Heart Failure: What Killed George Carlin?
- Elizabeth Taylor Dies of Congestive Heart Failure
- What Does Hypertension Urgency Mean?
- Does Blood Pressure Change Depending on Your Position?
- Are Home Blood Pressure Readings Reliable?
- Can Blood Pressure Make Gout Worse?
- How Do You Check for Congestive Heart Failure?
- Can I Still Get Heart Disease if I Take Blood Pressure Medication?
- Does Menopause Cause High Blood Pressure?
- Can I Lift Weights with High Blood Pressure?
- Congestive Heart Failure Treatment
- Pain Relievers and High Blood Pressure
- Congestive Heart Failure Symptoms
- Lowering Blood Pressure: It's a 2-Step Process
- Heart Healthy Diet: Hypertension & Heart Disease
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Medications & Supplements
- carvedilol - oral, Coreg
- atenolol - oral, Tenormin
- metoprolol/hydrochlorothiazide - oral, Lopressor HCT
- metoprolol - oral, Lopressor
- valsartan - oral, Diovan
- metoprolol extended-release - oral, Toprol XL
- telmisartan - oral, Micardis
- losartan - oral, Cozaar
- irbesartan - oral, Avapro
- betaxolol suspension - ophthalmic, Betoptic S
- candesartan - oral, Atacand
- losartan/hydrochlorothiazide - oral, Hyzaar
- Beta Blockers
- METOPROLOL EXTENDED RELEASE-ORAL
- Types of High Blood Pressure Medications
- Beta Blockers vs. Valium
- losartan (Cozaar)
- metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL)
- carvedilol (Coreg)
- Sectral (acebutolol)
- valsartan, Diovan
- telmisartan, Micardis
- Coreg vs. Metoprolol Tartrate
- candesartan cilexetil, Atacand
- losartan and hydrochlorothiazide (Hyzaar)
- atenolol
- irbesartan (Avapro)
- valsartan/hydrochlorothiazide (Diovan HCT)
- Entresto (sacubitril and valsartan)
- atenolol and chlorthalidone, Tenoretic
- nadolol (Corgard)
- amlodipine and valsartan (Exforge)
- irbesartan/hydrochlorothiazide - oral, Avalide
- betaxolol, Kerlone (Discontinued Brand)
- betaxolol ophthalmic (Betoptic S, Betoptic)
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FDA Prescribing Information
Top Beta-Blockers vs ARBs Related Articles
What Is the Normal Blood Pressure Range?
Blood pressure is the force applied by the blood over the inner walls of the arteries. Although the average blood pressure for a person remains constant, it shows minor fluctuations throughout the day—declining while relaxing and momentarily increasing while being excited or under stress. An increase in the resting blood pressure can scar, stiffen, or harden the arteries.Blood Pressure Picture
The blood pressure is the pressure of the blood within the arteries. See a picture of Blood Pressure and learn more about the health topic.Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
Congestive heart failure (CHF) refers to a condition in which the heart loses the ability to function properly. Heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, myocarditis, and cardiomyopathies are just a few potential causes of congestive heart failure. Signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure may include fatigue, breathlessness, palpitations, angina, and edema. Physical examination, patient history, blood tests, and imaging tests are used to diagnose congestive heart failure. Treatment of heart failure consists of lifestyle modification and taking medications to decrease fluid in the body and ease the strain on the heart. The prognosis of a patient with congestive heart failure depends on the stage of the heart failure and the overall condition of the individual.High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)
High blood pressure (hypertension) is a disease in which pressure within the arteries of the body is elevated. About 75 million people in the US have hypertension (1 in 3 adults), and only half of them are able to manage it. Many people do not know that they have high blood pressure because it often has no has no warning signs or symptoms.
Systolic and diastolic are the two readings in which blood pressure is measured. The American College of Cardiology released new guidelines for high blood pressure in 2017. The guidelines now state that blood normal blood pressure is 120/80 mmHg. If either one of those numbers is higher, you have high blood pressure.
The American Academy of Cardiology defines high blood pressure slightly differently. The AAC considers 130/80 mm Hg. or greater (either number) stage 1 hypertension. Stage 2 hypertension is considered 140/90 mm Hg. or greater.
If you have high blood pressure you are at risk of developing life threatening diseases like stroke and heart attack.
REFERENCE: CDC. High Blood Pressure. Updated: Nov 13, 2017.
High Blood Pressure & Body
High blood pressure puts you at risk for a number of other conditions. Here's what to look out for.What Is High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)? Symptoms, Treatments
What causes high blood pressure (hypertension)? What is normal blood pressure? Know the warning signs and symptoms of high blood pressure. Read about high blood pressure medications, diet, and long-term treatments.HBP Quiz
Take this quiz and test your IQ of high blood pressure (hypertension), the cardiovascular disease that causes most strokes and heart attacks. How are dizziness, snoring, and gout related to HBP? Find the answer and learn how medical treatments and lifestyle adjustments fight this common problem.How Can I Lower My Blood Pressure in Minutes?
Learn how to lower your high blood pressure quickly and how to better manage this condition.How to Lower My Blood Pressure Immediately
If you face any complications of high blood pressure such as a stroke or heart attack, contact your physician without any delay. Do not attempt home remedies in such grave situations. If you have high blood pressure, without any complications, the first thing to do is to calm down and lie flat.15 Surprising Things That Raise Your Blood Pressure
Salt, worry, and anger aren't the only things that can raise your blood pressure. Risk factors like loneliness and birth control may also affect blood pressure. See what else can bump your numbers up.How to Lower Blood Pressure: Exercise Tips
Trying to lower high blood pressure (hypertension)? Discover exercises good for lowering blood pressure, along with other lifestyle changes and medications to prevent high blood pressure.What Causes Your Blood Pressure to Suddenly Get High?
Hypertension or high blood pressure (high BP) is a medical condition where the pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. The heart pumps blood into the arteries, and it is circulated to all parts of the body. Hypertension develops when the heart constantly needs to exert higher force to deliver the blood to the organs through the arteries.What Is Normal Blood Pressure and Pulse by Age?
The American Heart Association outlines that a normal blood pressure reading of 120/80 mm Hg for adults. Here is a chart that breaks down the ideal blood pressure range by age.What Is Considered Stroke-Level High Blood Pressure?
Blood pressure readings above 180/120 mmHg are considered stroke-level, dangerously high and require immediate medical attention.What Is the Proper Way to Take Your Blood Pressure?
If you want to monitor your blood pressure on a regular basis, you can do so at home easily using an automated or digital blood pressure machine. Here’s how to make sure your at-home reading is accurate.Why Is My Bottom Blood Pressure Number High?
Isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH) occurs when your systolic blood pressure is normal, and only your diastolic blood pressure is high (over 80 mm Hg). Causes of high diastolic blood pressure include a high-sodium diet, obesity, lack of physical activity, excessive alcohol consumption, stress and anxiety.